Fact Checking and Information in the Age of Covid

The Covid-19 pandemic has revealed and accelerated an information crisis as well as a health one. What we discover about Covid 19, how it spreads, to whom and why and how best to mitigate it—all depend on information. The essays in this special section, which this article introduces, explore the importance of information and the fundamental role of fact checkers in understanding how information flows, why mistakes are made, and how to counteract them. Fact checking as an idea and a practice emerged in the early twenty-first century, developed as a positive beacon to counteract a growing sense that information could no longer be trusted. Now, more than a decade after its creation, fact checking sits within a far more complex and chaotic media context, and its expertise and understanding has never been so important. We need to understand what fact checkers do because they are grappling with how to tether us to reality.     

新时代青年“四史”学习教育的价值、目标及实施路径

“四史”学习教育在对时代新人的培育全局中,始终占据着核心地位,是新时代加强和创新青年思想政治教育的重要着力点,关系到构建新时代高校思想政治工作体系、解决青年学生现实需要、培养初心使命型青年人才等重大使命。学习习近平总书记关于“四史”重要论述,大力加强青年“四史”学习教育是引导青年有效抵制历史虚无主义思潮的强大武器,是促进青年全面发展的政治要求,是推进党和人民事业行稳致远的应有之义。因此,必须要从强化顶层设计,建立科学高效的组织机制、坚持以史育人,打造“四史”育人新模式、创新环境媒介,充分激发历史资源活力等路径,以实现培养具有坚定理想信念的青年马克思主义者、树立正确的历史观,科学认识社会发展规律、激发爱国奋斗热情,在实践成才中砥砺品格的育人目标。     

Do multilingual androids dream of a better life in Australia? Effectiveness of information technology for government translation to support refugees and migrants in Australia

Without high‐quality translation of online information about government support and services, refugees and migrants from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds in Australia experience a major barrier to improved health, employment, education and social outcomes. Recent advances in the ability of Google Translate, Skype Translator and other forms of machine translation that use artificial intelligence can help translate government information to better support refugees and migrants but they bring the risk of ineffective communication, and exclusion from services that could positively impact on settlement experiences and daily life. Evidence suggests that government agencies are likely to be using human translators for most translation work, but the degree to which any form of information technology is used, how it may be best applied and the associated effects are not known. This study systematically reviewed the peer‐reviewed and grey literature to determine effective ways of using information technology for translating government information to refugees and migrants from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds in Australia. Included studies were analysed to identify techniques and other characteristics of translation, information technology and language support more broadly, and outcomes on education, health, social and other refugee and migrant experiences relating to translated information. Our review found a small evidence base featuring studies with strong evaluation demonstrating effective forms of ‘language support’ for refugees and migrants from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds in Australia in a broad sense. However, there is a major gap in knowledge that is contributing to barriers in the use of online government information in Australia. In particular, there is an absence of evidence demonstrating what is effective in the use of machine translation with artificial intelligence, websites and other kinds of information technology for translating government information with refugees and migrants from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. The oversight risks further excluding already marginalised groups from services and support. This paper makes a number of suggestions practitioners can take to address the issue and guidelines for future research.     

论人类共同继承财产理论的新发展——基于“一带一路”倡议的促动

伴随人类科技与文明的高速发展，人类共同继承财产理论中关于资源的所有权归属和实体财富的分配等要素已无法满足现代国际社会的发展需求。“一带一路”倡议在尊重《联合国宪章》的宗旨与和平共处五项原则的前提下，从国际关系的变迁、客体类型的扩大和法律规范的转型三个方面促动了人类共同继承财产理论的深化发展。在此基础上，加强“一带一路”倡议与现行国际法理论的互动研究，以期推动形成一项以人类命运共同体思想为核心的拟议国际法原则。     

国有与非国有经济主体工作人员职务犯罪罪刑均衡问题比较研究

我国刑法对国有和非国有经济主体工作人员的职务犯罪行为设置了不同罪名,相关罪名之间的刑罚设置有着较大不同。然而,无论是从刑罚报应角度出发,还是基于功利主义的思考,其刑法规定都有违罪刑均衡原则。合并相关罪名,根据行为对象、方式等重新拟定罪量,适用现有职务侵占罪、挪用资金罪、非国家工作人员受贿罪的法定刑,是解决上述问题的可行路径,亦符合刑罚轻缓化的大趋势。     

社会治理辨析:一个多元的概念

从上世纪末引起学术界注意的"社会治理"成为执政党国家治理体系的重要组成部分。但是如何正确认识来自西方语境下的社会治理是学术界应该关注的问题。现代治理概念与西方发达国家成熟的市场经济与公民社会直接相关,但在中国语境下具有极为不同的意涵。从传统到现代的中国社会治理实践表明,当代中国的多元治理仍然以国家权力为主导,但社会也具有一定的自主性,国家需要通过社会中间层达到对社会的治理。在实现工业化过程中,社会治理也是现代性不断获得的过程,因此,社会治理又是一个不断规训的过程。